b. the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect = dignity
c. harm done to someone in response to harm = revenge
d. a person who holds extreme views in political or religious matters = extremist
e. sympathetic pity and concern for the sufferings or misfortunes of others = compassion
f. a person who is believed to speak for God = prophet
g. the study of the nature of knowledge, reality and existence = philosophy
h. the use of physical force so as to injure, abuse, damage or destroy = violence
i. an unreasonable dislike of a particular group of people or things = prejudice
ii. How many meanings of the word ‘humanity’ are given?
Four meanings of the word ‘humanity’ are given.
iii. What do the abbreviations U, OPP, pl, and sth stand for?
U, OPP, pl and sth stand for uncountable, opposite, plural and something respectively.
iv. What is the British English spelling of ‘humanize’?
The British English spelling of ‘humanize’ is humanise.
v. How is the word ‘humanize’ pronounced?
The word ‘humanize’ is pronounced as /ˈhjuːmənaɪz /.
vi. If we say Every person should have the sense of humanity, which meaning of ‘humanity’ is applied?
If we say Every person should have the sense of humanity, the quality of being kind to people and animals by making sure that they do not suffer more than is necessary of ‘humanity’ is applied.
b. Arrange the following words in alphabetical order.
i. advance analysis amuse assure allergy attain aid anxiety acute
agreement
a cute, advance, agreement, aid, allergy, amuse, analysis, anxiety, assure, attain
ii. smoke small smart speaking smelling smoothly smuggler smashed smearing smallpox
small, smallpox, smart, smashed,speaking, smearing, smelling, smoke, smoothly, smuggler,
iii. terminal terminate terminology termite terms terrace terrible terribly
terminal, terminate, terminology, terms, terrace, terrible, territory, terror
Answer the following questions.
a. Why did the speaker receive thousands of good-wishes cards and gifts from all over the world?
The speaker was shot by Taliban on the left side of her forehead and was hospitalized for her treatment and recovery. So the speaker received thousands of good wishes cards and gifts from all over the world.
b. According to the speaker, what are hundreds of human rights activists and social workers struggling for?
According to the speaker, hundreds of human activist and social workers are struggling for achieving their goals of education, peace and equality.
c. What has she learnt from Gandhi?
She learnt the value of nonviolence from Gandhi.
d. In what sense is peace necessary for education?
Peace is very necessary for qualitative education. Children can obtain fruitful education only if there is peaceful environment. If not then the children are afraid to go to school and furthermore they cannot focus on their study. Hence peace is very necessary for education.
e. According to the speaker, what are the main problems faced by both men and women?
According to the speaker, poverty, ignorance, injustice, racism and deprivation of basic rights are the main problems faced by both men and women.
f. What is Malala calling upon all governments?
Malala is calling upon all governments to ensure free education for all children all over the world, to fight against terrorism and violence and to protect them from brutality and harm.
g. What is the main message of this speech?
The main message of this speech is that education is such a weapon that eradicate the problems like illiteracy, terrorism, violence and harassment of fundamentals rights of human. So, providing education to every children in this world should be the first priority of all governments.
Critical thinking
a. ‘All children have the right to quality education. How can we ensure this right to every child? Discuss the role of the government and the parents to make sure that every child can attend school.’
Quality education is the demand of 21st century. There is different aspects related to get the quality education. The role of parents, government and schools are the main stakeholders related to a student’s quality education.
Role of Government
– The government can subsidize education in several forms including school fees for low-income parents.
– Providing equality in education whereby the government ensures that the public schools offer a high quality of knowledge to the learners.
– A government should ensure that teachers are well paid so that they are motivated in the provision of their services.
– A government should put in place rules that could check to eliminate outdated syllabus since it misdirects many teachers and learners in schools.
Roles of Parents
– Kids would be easily inspired by what their parents do. So it would be good to be a role model in their learning phase.
– Parents should talk to their kid about how their school life and different memories associated with it.
– Parents should help them to be more organized with their daily routine and find enough time for the lessons.
– Parents should make sure that the kids are provided with a peaceful and pleasant atmosphere at home.
b.’Do you think that there is still discrimination between sons and daughters in terms of providing education in our country? What strategies do you suggest to overcome such discrimination against girls?’
Education in Nepal is still in its background phase. While advancements have been made to provide free education through government schools, this education is widely considered to be insufficient in comparison to the education provided by private schools. In comparison to private schools, government schools are less funded and provide a poorer quality of education. Despite this, a large number of girls are enrolled in government schools, while their brothers receive the opportunity for quality, or at least better, education in private schools. This disparity can be traced back to a history of gender based marginalization in the Nepalese society. More significantly, girls are discriminated in terms of education because their parents think that they go to their new homes after their marriage and cannot care their parents when they get older. Finally people still believe that males are physically, mentally and politically strong so that parents send their sons to high quality schools and girls to lower one.
A number of strategies should be applied by all to afford education to the girls to bring about the prosperity of the nation. Some of them are listed below:
1. Gender biases should be ended.
2. Women should be given platforms to be in power and achieve economic success.
3. Violence and sexual assault against women should be ended.
4. The preference for the son should be removed from the people’s psychology.
5. Money given in the name of dowry should be invested in the girl’s education.
c. ‘A Chinese philosopher Confucius said, “If your plan is for one year, plant rice; if your plan is for ten years, plant trees; if your plan is for one hundred years, educate children.” What is the meaning of this saying? Elaborate this with examples.’
The sole meaning of above statement is that our destination decide what type of efforts should be applied. If our set our goals and destination big then surely it will take a long time to achieve it. One of the philosophical doctrines presented by the Chinese philosopher before Christ, confusion is the key factor for bringing prolonged dimensional change in the life of people. It is not like planting rice and planting trees whose output appears within a year or within a decade. We have to wait for almost a century to get better result.
Actually the above statement is explaining about the importance of education. At present time people without education is just like a pen without ink. Education shapes our future. It makes us well reputed in the society. Furthermore, without education thinking of a developed country is just like building castle in air. If today’s children are provided a quality education then they will play a crucial role in the development of the nation and create civilized society in future. Therefore, children should be provided with the best possible education as an investment so that it will benefit the whole country in the future.
Writing
a. Recall your school days. Write in three paragraphs of an event that you always remember.
During my school days, one event that always stands out in my memory is the annual sports day. I was in Class 8, and though I had never been the athletic type, I had signed up for the 100-meter sprint on a whim, encouraged by my friends. The anticipation on the field was electric, with students cheering on their houses, and the entire school seemed alive with energy. I still remember the moment just before the race when my heart was pounding, and I was filled with a mixture of excitement and nerves. As the whistle blew, I sprinted with all my might, focused solely on reaching the finish line.
To my surprise, I managed to secure third place. The feeling of pride and accomplishment was overwhelming, and it wasn’t just about winning. I had pushed myself beyond my limits and done something I didn’t believe I could. My classmates and friends gathered around to congratulate me, and I felt an immense sense of belonging and camaraderie. That moment showed me that stepping outside your comfort zone can lead to unexpected achievements, and it made sports day one of the highlights of my school life.
Even today, I remember that event vividly because it taught me a valuable lesson about self-belief. It wasn’t just about running a race; it was about trying something new and discovering strengths I didn’t know I had. The memory of that day reminds me to face challenges with confidence, knowing that I am capable of more than I sometimes give myself credit for.
b. “Education empowers a person”. Elaborate this statement giving examples of your personal experience.
“Education Empowers a Person”
The statement “Education empowers a person” resonates deeply with my personal experiences. Through education, I have gained not just knowledge but the ability to think critically, make informed decisions, and grow as an individual. For instance, my online studies have allowed me to learn at my own pace, helping me understand complex concepts in science and mathematics. This has made me more confident in approaching academic challenges and has also improved my problem-solving skills, both in school and in everyday life.
Beyond academics, education has also given me the tools to navigate the digital world effectively. As a YouTuber, I have learned about video editing, audience engagement, and online marketing—all through self-education and experimentation. This knowledge has empowered me to grow my channel, build a community, and even monetize my content. It has opened doors to opportunities I never imagined, allowing me to combine my passion for content creation with practical skills that benefit my personal and professional life.
In essence, education has not only broadened my intellectual horizons but has also empowered me to take control of my future. It has equipped me with the skills and confidence to pursue my dreams and adapt to an ever-changing world. Whether in a classroom or through self-directed learning, education remains a powerful force that shapes and enhances every aspect of my life.
Grammar
B.Classify the underlined words into different word classes.
a. The man who is wearing glasses is my uncle’s friend.
who – pronoun
wearing – verb
my – determiner
b. I bought a round table in the supermarket.
round – adjective
the – determiner
c. Alas, she is dead.
Alas – interjection
d. Hari works very hard all the time but his wife is very lazy.
hard – adverb
wife – noun
very – adverb
e. I have never been to Japan.
never – adverb
f. Ann drove a car safely.
Ann – Noun
Safely – Adverb
g. Nobody has claimed it.
nobody – pronoun
it – pronoun
h. She cut her hand with a knife.
her – determiner
with – preposition
i. They have postponed the program because of rain.
have – verb
because of – preposition
rain – noun
j. Everybody comes to the party.
everybody – pronoun
k. All such people ought to be avoided.
all – determiner
such – determiner
l. All of the food has gone.
all – pronoun
m. What was that noise?
what – pronoun
n. One must not boast of one’s own success.
one – pronoun
o. Nobody was there to rescue the child.
nobody – pronoun
p. Neither of the accusations is true.
neither – pronoun
q. Neither answer is correct.
neither – determiner
r. Here is the book that you lent me.
here – adverb
that – pronoun
s. Without health there is no happiness.
without – proposition
health – noun
happiness – noun
